maanantai 19. tammikuuta 2015

Own Research: Infectious Diseases

Infectious Diseases

I was interested in health and diseases in Africa. I decided to orientate myself to infectious diseases. In Finland as a conjecture I thought there are many diseases caused by poor hygiene and especially unclean water.

In Africa I interviewed five secondary students and a biology teacher. According them the most dangerous and frightening diseases in Kenya are HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria. People are aware of the severity of HIV. When we drove from Nairobi to Taita hills we saw an advertisement for fight against HIV. Tuberculosis is usually caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. Without treatment tuberculosis kills more than half of the people who are infected. Protecting against malaria is very common. Many people sleep under mosquito nets and women who are pregnant get free mosquito nets from hospital.

Worm Diseases

Ascariasis and hookworm are diseases which are infectious either via food that has been grown in infective soil and not well washed (poor hygiene) or from soil if larvae penetrate in to the skin (barefoot). Worms live in the intestine and can cause various symptoms for example abdominal pain.
Schistosomiasis aka bilharzia is infectious from water. Not-boiled fresh water can contain larvae. Worms live in the veins draining the urinary tract and intestines and can cause severe damage.

Mosquito-borne Infection

The most pernicious disease is malaria. It is caused by parasites. There are 4 types of protozoans, one of which can cause a life-threatening disease (falciparum malaria). Malaria is spread by a certain mosquito species which bite at night time but it can’t be said that malaria couldn't be infectious at day time. Malaria symptoms include episodic fever, malaise and headache which can start several weeks after the bite.


Malaria is extra pernicious for tourists who don’t have any immune for malaria. Unlike the local people may be semi-immune. Treatment must be started within 24 hours after symptoms (falciparum malaria). There is no vaccination against malaria. Prevention of malaria involves protecting yourself against mosquito bites and taking anti-malarial medicines but these are not 100% preventive. 

Sofia Huotilainen

1 kommentti:

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